Carduoideae

Carduoideae is the thistle subfamily of the Asteraceae, or sunflower family, of flowering plants. It is comprised of a number of tribes in various circumscriptions of the family, in addition to the Cardueae. Takhtajan, according to Reveal, includes ten tribes in addition to the Cardueae, the Arctotideae, the Barnadesieae, the Carlineae, the Cichorieae, the Echinopeae, the Eremothamneae, the Gundelieae, the Liabeae, the Mutisieae, and the Vernonieae. Of these eleven, Thorne agrees with seven in his 8 tribe taxonomy of the Carduoideae, placing the Cardueae, plus Arctotideae, Cichorieae, Eremothamneae, Liabeae, Mutisieae, and Vernonieae tribes in the subfamily, plus the Tarchonantheae. [1] A recent (2002) molecular phylogenetic classification based upon chloroplast genes places just three tribes in the subfamily, the Cardueae, plus the dicomeae, and the Tarchonantheae. [2] The Takhtajan system divides the Asteraceae into only two subfamilies, the Asteroideae in addition to the Carduoideae, while Thorne adds the basal, monophyletic subfamily, the Barnadesioideae. The recent phylogeny of Panero and Funk divides the Asteraceae into 11 subfamilies.

References

1. Reveal, JL (1999-03-14). [http://www.life.umd.edu/emeritus/reveal/pbio/pb450/aste19.html Selected Families of Angiosperms: Asteridae work = PBIO 450 Lecture Notes]. Norton-Brown Herbarium, University of Maryland. Retrieved on 2007-08-12.
2. Panero, JL; VA Funk (2002-12-30). "Toward a phylogenetic subfamilial classification for the Compositae (Asteraceae)". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 115 (4): 909-922. Biological Society of Washington. Retrieved on 2007-08-12.

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